Where It Comes From
Agricultural fields where terbufos granules are applied to soil to control insects on crops (especially corn and other row crops) [1].
How You Are Exposed
Workers mixing/applying or entering treated fields (skin contact, inhalation); nearby residents via dust or drift; residues on food; and, less often, runoff to private wells in farming areas [1][3].
Why It Matters
Can cause headache, nausea, sweating, drooling, muscle twitching; severe cases may lead to breathing failure, seizures, or death. WHO classifies terbufos as extremely hazardous; EPA identifies neurotoxicity as the key risk [1][2][3].
Who Is at Risk
Pesticide applicators and farmworkers; families near treated fields; children and pregnant people; individuals with low cholinesterase activity or taking cholinesterase‑inhibiting medicines [1][3].
How to Lower Your Exposure
Observe posted no‑entry times; keep people and pets away during application; wash/peel produce; for workers, use required PPE, closed systems, and cholinesterase monitoring; test farm‑area wells and consider activated‑carbon treatment if contaminated [1][3].
References
- [1]U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Terbufos: Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. Office of Pesticide Programs. https://www.epa.gov/ingredients-used-pesticide-products/terbufos
- [2]World Health Organization (WHO). The WHO recommended classification of pesticides by hazard and guidelines to classification. 2009. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/44271
- [3]CDC/NIOSH. Organophosphate Pesticides – Health Effects and Protective Measures. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pesticides/