Where It Comes From
Road and soil dust, construction and farming, industrial grinding/crushing, diesel and gasoline exhaust, and wildfires; “filterable” means directly emitted, not formed later in the air [1][2].
How You Are Exposed
Breathing outdoor air near traffic, worksites, or fires; particles also drift indoors through open windows or leaky buildings; some jobs and hobbies generate dust [1][3].
Why It Matters
Short-term exposure can cause coughing, wheezing, asthma attacks, and ER visits; long-term exposure is linked to reduced lung function, heart disease, and premature death. Particulate air pollution is classified carcinogenic to humans [2][4].
Who Is at Risk
Children, older adults, people with asthma/COPD/heart disease, pregnant people, workers in dusty jobs, and communities near busy roads or industry [1][2][3].
How to Lower Your Exposure
Check the AQI; limit strenuous outdoor activity on high-PM days; close windows and use MERV-13 HVAC filters or portable HEPA cleaners; control dust (wet methods), avoid idling/wood smoke, and use a well-fitted N95 for dusty tasks [1][2][3].
References
- [1]U.S. EPA. Particulate Matter (PM) Basics; Health and Environmental Effects of PM.
- [2]WHO. WHO global air quality guidelines: PM2.5 and PM10 (2021).
- [3]CDC. Particle Pollution (PM) and Your Health.
- [4]IARC. Outdoor Air Pollution. IARC Monographs, Vol. 109 (2015).