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CAS 88-89-1

Picric acid

Picric acid (2,4,6-trinitrophenol) is a yellow, toxic chemical used in explosives, dyes, metal etching, and some lab fixatives. It matters because it can irritate skin and eyes, harm the liver and kidneys with repeated exposure, and becomes dangerously explosive when dry or when it forms salts with metals [1][2].

Where It Comes From

Manufacturing of explosives and fireworks, laboratories (e.g., tissue fixatives), metal finishing; may linger in old chemical stockrooms [1][2].

How You Are Exposed

Breathing dust, skin contact with solutions, or accidental swallowing—mainly in workplaces; community exposure is uncommon and usually tied to spills or old containers [1][2].

Why It Matters

Causes skin/eye irritation and dermatitis; repeated exposure may affect liver and kidneys; dry crystals and metal picrates are shock-sensitive explosives [1][2].

Who Is at Risk

Lab staff, munitions/fireworks and metal-finishing workers, and anyone handling old or dried bottles; emergency responders [1].

How to Lower Your Exposure

At work, use closed handling, keep it wetted, wear gloves/eye protection, and wash up; store away from metals. If you find a dry or crusted bottle, do not move it—contact your safety office or fire department immediately [1][3].

References

  1. [1]CDC/NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: Picric acid.
  2. [2]U.S. EPA IRIS: Picric acid (CASRN 88-89-1).
  3. [3]NOAA/EPA CAMEO Chemicals: Picric acid.

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