Where It Comes From
Vehicle exhaust; residential wood or wildfire smoke; tobacco smoke; coal tar/creosote; asphalt; industrial combustion [1][2].
How You Are Exposed
Breathing smoky or exhaust-laden air; eating heavily charred/grilled food; touching contaminated soil or creosote-treated wood; workplace paving/roofing/coke ovens [1][2].
Why It Matters
Data on phenanthrene alone are limited; PAH mixtures are linked to cancer and developmental effects; short-term exposure may irritate eyes, skin, and airways [1][3].
Who Is at Risk
Workers handling asphalt/creosote or in coke ovens; smokers and households with indoor smoke; people near busy roads/industrial sites; infants, children, and pregnant people [1][2].
How to Lower Your Exposure
Avoid smoke and idling exhaust; use vented range hoods; limit charred meats; wash hands after soil/treated wood; wet-mop dust; follow workplace PPE [1][2].
References
- [1]ATSDR. ToxFAQs for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). 2020. https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxfaqs/tfacts69.pdf
- [2]EPA. Technical Fact Sheet – Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). 2017. https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2014-03/documents/ffrrofactsheet_contaminants_pahs_january2012_final_0.pdf
- [3]IARC Monographs Vol. 92: Some Non-heterocyclic PAHs. 2010. https://publications.iarc.fr/120