Where It Comes From
Made for specialty chemical manufacturing and used in research/production; releases can occur during manufacturing, mixing, or spills [1][3].
How You Are Exposed
Mostly at work by breathing vapors/aerosols or via skin contact; the public is rarely exposed except near industrial sites or accidents [1][2].
Why It Matters
Causes burning eyes/skin, cough, wheeze, and chest tightness; can “sensitize” you so later tiny amounts trigger asthma; high exposures can injure lungs [1][2].
Who Is at Risk
Chemical plant and lab workers handling isocyanates; applicators of isocyanate-containing coatings; people with asthma/allergies; workers without good ventilation or PPE [1][2].
How to Lower Your Exposure
Use closed systems and local exhaust; wear chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, and protective clothing; use NIOSH-approved respirators when needed; get training, air monitoring, and medical surveillance; follow community alerts during incidents [1][2][3].
References
- [1]CDC/NIOSH. Isocyanates – Workplace Safety & Health Topic. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/isocyanates
- [2]ATSDR. Medical Management Guidelines for TDI/MDI. https://wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/MMG/MMGDetails.aspx?mmgid=1006&toxid=208
- [3]U.S. EPA. Isocyanates Action Plan (2011). https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2015-09/documents/isocyanates_actionplan_031611.pdf