Where It Comes From
Produced/used in electron microscopy and histology labs, organic synthesis, and during refining of platinum‑group metals; can form when osmium metal is oxidized [1][3].
How You Are Exposed
Mostly by breathing its vapor or getting solutions on skin/eyes in workplaces; community exposures are rare and usually from spills or accidents [1][2].
Why It Matters
Causes severe eye damage (possible vision loss), skin burns, coughing and shortness of breath; fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema) can be delayed for hours after exposure [1][2][3].
Who Is at Risk
Lab workers (EM/histology), research and industrial chemists, metal‑refining workers, and first responders handling spills [1][3].
How to Lower Your Exposure
Use in a fume hood with closed containers; wear eye/face protection and chemical‑resistant gloves; follow workplace exposure limits and spill procedures. If a release is suspected, leave the area, get to fresh air, and seek medical help—do not handle it yourself [1][2].
References
- [1]ATSDR. Medical Management Guidelines for Osmium Tetroxide (OsO4), CDC.
- [2]CDC/NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: Osmium tetroxide.
- [3]WHO IPCS/ILO. International Chemical Safety Card (ICSC) 0113: Osmium tetroxide.