Malathion

Widely used in agriculture, home gardens, and public health spraying; it can convert to malaoxon, a more toxic breakdown product, and be found in air, soil, dust, and water near applications [1][3].

Eating residues on fruits and vegetables; breathing spray or drift during/after outdoor applications; skin contact when using or entering treated areas; drinking contaminated water near treated sites [1][3].

Malathion inhibits acetylcholinesterase, causing headaches, nausea, sweating, weakness, and breathing problems; severe poisoning can be life‑threatening. IARC classifies malathion as probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A) [1][2].

Farmers and pesticide applicators; people living near fields or spray routes; infants and children; pregnant people; pets and aquatic life are especially sensitive [1][2][3].

Follow local spray advisories; stay indoors and close windows during spraying and until residues dry; bring toys/pets inside; wash, peel, or cook produce; use only labeled products and wear gloves/eye protection; store/dispose pesticides safely; prevent runoff to water [1][3][4].