Where It Comes From
Older refrigeration/AC equipment, legacy aerosol/foam products, and electronics/metal degreasing operations; releases can occur during leaks, servicing, or disposal, and at some hazardous waste sites [1][2].
How You Are Exposed
Breathing vapors at work (degreasing, electronics cleaning, refrigeration service), from leaks in old equipment, indoor air during improper use of legacy products, or near spills/waste sites; less commonly via contaminated water [1][3].
Why It Matters
Short-term high exposure can cause dizziness, lightheadedness, and loss of coordination; very high levels can lead to unconsciousness. Contact with the cold liquid may cause frostbite of skin/eyes [1][3]. It also damages the ozone layer [2].
Who Is at Risk
Workers using vapor degreasers or servicing older refrigeration, people in poorly ventilated areas, and those near contaminated sites [1][3].
How to Lower Your Exposure
Replace/retrofit old CFC-containing equipment, avoid using old CFC-based cleaners, ensure good ventilation and follow workplace controls/PPE, and use certified technicians for refrigerant recovery and disposal per regulations [2][3].
References
- [1]ATSDR. ToxFAQs for 1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane (CFC-113). Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry.
- [2]EPA. Ozone-Depleting Substances (Class I) and refrigerant management (Section 608). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
- [3]CDC/NIOSH. Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: 1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane (CFC-113). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.