Where It Comes From
Used as a stain/grease‑repellent for textiles, leather, paper/food packaging, stone/wood sealers, and paints; this mixture can break down to long‑chain perfluoroalkyl acids (C8–C14) [1][2].
How You Are Exposed
Contact with treated products and household dust; eating food from grease‑resistant wrappers; drinking contaminated water; workplace use of fluorinated coatings [1][2].
Why It Matters
PFAS are very persistent; long‑chain PFAS are bioaccumulative. Health effects seen with related PFAS include higher cholesterol, liver changes, reduced vaccine antibody response, and some cancers (e.g., PFOA) [1][3][4].
Who Is at Risk
Workers in textile, paper‑coating, painting/sealing jobs; people near PFAS manufacturing or contaminated water; pregnant people and infants [1][2][3].
How to Lower Your Exposure
Choose PFAS‑free or stain‑resistant‑free goods; limit grease‑resistant food packaging; clean dust with wet methods; at work, use ventilation and PPE; check water reports and consider activated carbon or reverse osmosis filters [1][2][5].
References
- [1]ATSDR. Toxicological Profile for Perfluoroalkyls (PFAS). 2021.
- [2]U.S. EPA. PFAS Explained.
- [3]NTP. Immunotoxicity of PFOA and PFOS (NTP Monograph). 2016.
- [4]IARC. PFOA (Group 1) and PFOS (Monographs Vol. 134). 2023.
- [5]CDC/ATSDR. PFAS and Your Health: Information for Consumers and Communities.