Where It Comes From
Manufacturing and use of HCFC refrigerants and foam‑blowing agents, and some solvent cleaning processes; leaks from older equipment; improper disposal [1].
How You Are Exposed
Breathing vapors near equipment leaks or at work; less often through skin or eye contact. Vapors can build up in poorly ventilated areas [2][3].
Why It Matters
Short‑term exposure can cause headache, dizziness, and drowsiness; very high levels may lead to irregular heartbeat or unconsciousness. Repeated workplace exposure to a closely related HCFC (HCFC‑123) has affected the liver. HCFCs also deplete the ozone layer and contribute to climate change [1][2][3].
Who Is at Risk
Refrigeration/AC technicians, foam and solvent workers, and people near leaks in small or poorly ventilated spaces [1][3].
How to Lower Your Exposure
Choose non‑HCFC products when possible; maintain and promptly repair equipment; ensure good ventilation; avoid confined‑space work during leaks; follow labels/SDS, use protective gear, and recover/dispose refrigerants per EPA rules [1].
References
- [1]U.S. EPA. Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs): health and environmental information.
- [2]ATSDR. ToxFAQs: 2,2‑Dichloro‑1,1,1‑trifluoroethane (HCFC‑123).
- [3]ATSDR. ToxFAQs: Chlorodifluoromethane (HCFC‑22).