Where It Comes From
Vehicle and diesel exhaust; coal tar, coke ovens, and aluminum production; wood/coal stoves; tobacco smoke; charred foods [1][2][3].
How You Are Exposed
Breathing polluted air or smoke; skin contact with soot, coal‑tar products, or contaminated soil; eating heavily charred meats [2][3].
Why It Matters
Lab studies show DNA damage and tumors; IARC has evaluated it for carcinogenicity, and PAH mixtures are linked to cancer in people [1][2][4].
Who Is at Risk
Workers near coke ovens/coal‑tar pitch; smokers; people living near heavy traffic or industry; infants, children, and pregnant people may be more sensitive [2][3][4].
How to Lower Your Exposure
Don’t smoke; avoid secondhand smoke; ventilate and avoid charring food; limit time near fires/traffic; use workplace protections and wash off soot promptly [2][3][4].
References
- [1]IARC Monographs, Volume 3: Certain Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Heterocyclic Compounds. IARC, 1973. https://monographs.iarc.who.int/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/mono03.pdf
- [2]ATSDR. ToxFAQs for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), 2022. https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxfaqs/tf.asp?id=121&tid=25
- [3]WHO. WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality: Selected Pollutants – PAHs, 2010. https://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/128169/e94535.pdf
- [4]CDC. Biomonitoring Summary: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). https://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/PAHs_BiomonitoringSummary.html