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CAS 140

Coke Oven Emissions

VOCHAPCarcinogen

Coke oven emissions are a mix of toxic gases and particles released when coal is heated to make coke for steel. Long-term exposure can cause cancer—especially lung cancer—and irritate the eyes, skin, and lungs [1][2][3].

Where It Comes From

Steel mill coke ovens and by‑product recovery operations; emissions can drift into nearby neighborhoods [1][5].

How You Are Exposed

Breathing workplace or downwind air, and getting soot on skin, hair, or clothing (including take‑home dust) [3][4].

Why It Matters

Classified as a known human carcinogen (IARC Group 1; NTP). Linked to lung cancer, skin changes, chronic bronchitis, and respiratory irritation [1][2][3].

Who Is at Risk

Coke oven and maintenance workers, people living near coke plants, smokers, and those with existing lung disease; children and pregnant people may be more sensitive [2][3][4].

How to Lower Your Exposure

At work, use enclosures/ventilation, wear assigned respirators, and follow hygiene—shower/change before going home and wash work clothes separately. In communities, follow local air alerts, limit outdoor time during releases, close windows, and use HEPA filtration if available; avoid smoking [3][4][5].

References

  1. [1]IARC Monographs, Vol. 100F (2012): A Review of Human Carcinogens — Coke production.
  2. [2]NTP, Report on Carcinogens, 15th Ed. (2021): Coke Oven Emissions.
  3. [3]ATSDR, ToxFAQs: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs).
  4. [4]CDC/NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: Coke oven emissions.
  5. [5]U.S. EPA, Hazardous Air Pollutants/NESHAP: Coke Oven Emissions.

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