Where It Comes From
Chrome plating/anodizing, metal finishing baths, chromate pigments/coatings, stainless‑steel welding fumes, and waste from these industries [1][4][5].
How You Are Exposed
Breathing workplace mists/fumes or dust from chromate paints; skin contact with solutions or cement; drinking water or soil near contaminated sites [1][4][5].
Why It Matters
Causes lung cancer; can burn and scar the nose, throat, and lungs; may trigger asthma; causes skin burns/ulcers and can damage the nasal septum [1][2][3].
Who Is at Risk
Electroplaters/metal finishers, welders/cutters on stainless steel, painters/removers of chromate coatings, cement/pigment workers, and people near plating plants or contaminated groundwater [1][4][5].
How to Lower Your Exposure
At work use closed systems/ventilation, proper respirators and gloves, wash up and don’t bring dust home; at home avoid chromic‑acid cleaners, wet‑wipe dust, check product SDS, test private wells near industry and consider certified filters for Cr(VI) [1][4][5].
References
- [1]ATSDR. Toxicological Profile for Chromium. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 2012.
- [2]IARC Monographs Vol. 100C. Chromium(VI) compounds. International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2012.
- [3]NTP. Report on Carcinogens, 15th ed. Chromium hexavalent compounds. National Toxicology Program, 2021.
- [4]CDC/NIOSH. Hexavalent Chromium (Cr(VI)) – Workplace Safety & Health Topics.
- [5]U.S. EPA. Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS): Chromium (VI).