Where It Comes From
Older refrigeration/freezer systems, industrial gas cylinders, and legacy stockpiles; new production is largely banned due to ozone depletion [2].
How You Are Exposed
Breathing leaked gas during equipment servicing, decommissioning, or accidental releases; skin/eye contact with the liquefied gas. The gas is heavier than air and can collect in low spaces [1][3].
Why It Matters
High concentrations can displace oxygen (simple asphyxiant), causing headache, dizziness, or unconsciousness; liquid contact can cause frostbite. When heated (e.g., in fires) it can break down into toxic gases. Environmentally, it depletes the ozone layer and contributes to climate change [1][2][3].
Who Is at Risk
Refrigeration technicians, workers handling cylinders or older systems, and anyone entering confined or poorly ventilated areas near a leak [1][2].
How to Lower Your Exposure
Use certified technicians and proper recovery equipment; never vent CFCs. Improve ventilation and use leak detection. Avoid confined spaces until air is tested; move away from low-lying areas during a release; upgrade to non‑ODS alternatives [1][2][3].
References
- [1]CDC/NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: Chlorotrifluoromethane (R‑13).
- [2]U.S. EPA. Class I Ozone-Depleting Substances (CFCs) and phaseout under the Clean Air Act.
- [3]WHO/ILO IPCS. International Chemical Safety Card (ICSC): Chlorotrifluoromethane.