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CAS 57-57-8

beta-Propiolactone

CarcinogenCorrosiveMutagen

beta-Propiolactone (BPL) is a colorless, highly reactive industrial chemical used to sterilize equipment and to make other chemicals. It matters because it can severely irritate eyes, skin, and lungs, and repeated exposure can increase cancer risk, especially at work [1][2][3].

Where It Comes From

Made for use as a sterilizing agent and as a chemical intermediate; releases can occur during manufacturing or use. It breaks down quickly in water and moist air [2][3].

How You Are Exposed

Mainly by breathing workplace air or through skin contact. Community exposures are uncommon and usually short-lived; it is not typical in consumer products [2][3].

Why It Matters

Strong irritant that can burn eyes, skin, and airways. Classified as “reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen” (NTP) and a “probable human carcinogen” (EPA) [1][3].

Who Is at Risk

Workers in sterilization or chemical manufacturing, lab staff handling BPL, maintenance crews, and emergency responders near spills [2].

How to Lower Your Exposure

At work, use closed systems, local exhaust, and proper gloves/eye/respiratory protection; follow monitoring and training requirements. During a release, follow local alerts and move away or shelter indoors; levels drop as the chemical hydrolyzes [2][3].

References

  1. [1]National Toxicology Program (NTP). Report on Carcinogens, 15th ed.: beta-Propiolactone.
  2. [2]CDC/NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: beta-Propiolactone.
  3. [3]U.S. EPA Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) and Hazard Summary: beta-Propiolactone (CASRN 57-57-8).

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