Benzofluoranthenes

Vehicle exhaust, residential wood/coal smoke, industrial combustion (coke ovens, aluminum/steel), asphalt and coal tar, tobacco smoke, and grilled/charred foods [1][2].

Breathing polluted air or smoke; skin contact with contaminated soil, soot, used motor oil, or asphalt; eating charred or smoked foods; hand-to-mouth contact with dust [1][4].

Long-term PAH exposure can increase cancer risk; it can also irritate eyes/skin and affect lungs. During pregnancy, PAH exposure has been linked to low birth weight and developmental effects [1][2].

People near heavy traffic or wood burning; smokers and those exposed to secondhand smoke; workers in paving/roofing and coke, aluminum, iron, or steel production; infants, children, and pregnant people [1][2][4].

Avoid tobacco/wood smoke; bake/boil instead of charring; trim fat and reduce flare-ups when grilling; ventilate when cooking; wash hands after contact with soil/soot/oil; use PPE and hygiene at work; reduce indoor dust and leave shoes at the door [1][4].