Benzo[k]Fluoranthene

Traffic and residential wood/coal burning, industrial combustion, wildfires; present in coal tar, creosote, asphalt fumes, and contaminated soil/dust [1][3].

Breathing smoky or exhaust-laden air, secondhand smoke, eating heavily charred/smoked foods, or skin contact with soot, coal‑tar products, or polluted soil/dust [1].

Can damage DNA; IARC classifies BkF as possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B). NTP lists it as reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen; EPA classifies it as a probable carcinogen [2][3][4]. PAH exposure can also irritate lungs/skin and affect development [1].

People who smoke or breathe secondhand smoke; those near heavy traffic, wildfires, or industrial sites; workers with asphalt/roofing, paving, coke ovens, aluminum production, or firefighting [1][5].

Don’t smoke; avoid smoke/exhaust; limit charred/smoked foods; use kitchen and room ventilation; leave shoes at the door and wet‑mop to reduce dust; cover bare soil; at work, use controls, PPE, and good hygiene [1][5].