Where It Comes From
Fungicide/preservative for citrus and other produce; ingredient in household/industrial disinfectants; also used as its sodium salt [1][3].
How You Are Exposed
Breathing or touching disinfectant sprays/wipes; handling treated fruit or working in packinghouses; small amounts on peels; occupational use in cleaning or manufacturing [1][3][4].
Why It Matters
Short-term irritation of skin, eyes, nose, and throat; stomach upset if swallowed; not classifiable for cancer in humans, though some animal studies found bladder tumors at high doses linked to urinary tract irritation [1][2][3].
Who Is at Risk
Fruit-packing and disinfection workers; frequent users of spray disinfectants; people with asthma or skin conditions; young children via hand-to-mouth contact [1][4].
How to Lower Your Exposure
Ventilate when cleaning; prefer wipes over sprays; wear gloves; follow labels; store chemicals safely; wash hands; rinse or peel citrus before eating [1][3].
References
- [1]ATSDR. ToxFAQs for o-Phenylphenol (OPP).
- [2]IARC Monographs, Vol. 73: o-Phenylphenol and Sodium o-phenylphenate.
- [3]U.S. EPA. Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) for o-Phenylphenol.
- [4]CDC/NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: o-Phenylphenol.