Where It Comes From
Applied in cereal grains, pastures, turf/ornamentals, and for brush control; it can move with runoff and breaks down over days to weeks in the environment [2][1].
How You Are Exposed
Skin contact or breathing spray drift during/after applications; touching treated grass; eating residues on crops; drinking contaminated private well water near treated areas [1][3].
Why It Matters
Short-term exposure can irritate eyes/skin and cause nausea, vomiting, and weakness; very high doses have caused muscle and nerve effects. Long-term high-dose animal studies show liver and kidney changes; regulators set limits to reduce risk [1][3][2].
Who Is at Risk
Pesticide applicators/mixers, farm and lawn-care workers, children and pets on recently treated areas, and people living near treated fields or using shallow wells [1][3].
How to Lower Your Exposure
Follow label and posted reentry times; keep kids/pets off until dry; close windows and bring items indoors during spraying; remove shoes and wash hands after outdoor play; rinse/peel produce; private wells near treated land—consider testing and appropriate filtration; workers—use PPE and wash up after use [1][3][2].
References
- [1]ATSDR. Toxicological Profile for Chlorophenoxy Herbicides (2,4-D; 2,4,5-T; MCPA; MCPP). Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, U.S. DHHS. 1999.
- [2]WHO/FAO JMPR. Pesticide Residues in Food – 1993 Evaluations: Dichlorprop (including dichlorprop-P). World Health Organization/Food and Agriculture Organization. 1993.
- [3]EPA. Drinking Water Health Advisory: 2,4-Dichlorophenoxypropionic Acid (2,4-DP; Dichlorprop). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water. 1991.