Where It Comes From
Herbicide products containing 2,4-D esters; they hydrolyze to 2,4-D in the environment and in the body [2].
How You Are Exposed
Mixing/spraying herbicides, spray drift near fields, contact with treated lawns/plants/soil, drinking contaminated well water, and small food residues [1][2].
Why It Matters
Short-term exposure can cause eye/skin irritation, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and dizziness; very high exposures can affect muscles and nerves. IARC classifies 2,4-D as possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B) [1][3].
Who Is at Risk
Farmers and applicators, landscaping workers, residents near treated areas, and children/pets contacting recently treated surfaces [1][2].
How to Lower Your Exposure
Follow product labels; applicators should wear gloves, long sleeves, and eye protection. Stay indoors and close windows during nearby spraying. Keep kids/pets off treated areas until dry and after re-entry intervals. Wash produce; test private wells if you live near treated fields [1][2].
References
- [1]ATSDR. ToxFAQs for 2,4-D (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid). https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxfaqs/tfacts148.pdf
- [2]U.S. EPA. 2,4-D Registration Review: Human Health Risk Assessment and Decision. https://www.epa.gov/ingredients-used-pesticide-products/24-d
- [3]IARC Monographs Volume 113: DDT, Lindane, and 2,4-D (2018). https://monographs.iarc.who.int/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/mono113.pdf