1-Methylnaphthalene

Burning of gasoline, diesel, coal, or wood; vehicle exhaust; industrial processes; cigarette smoke; also present in crude oil and coal tar [1][2].

Mostly by breathing outdoor or indoor air near traffic, smoke, or work sites; skin contact with fuels/creosote; occasionally via contaminated soil or water [1][2].

Short-term exposure can irritate eyes, skin, and airways; animal studies report lung and liver effects; cancer risk for 1‑methylnaphthalene is uncertain due to limited data [1][2].

Workers handling fuels, asphalt, or coal‑tar products; people living near heavy traffic or industry; smokers and household members; those with asthma or other lung disease [1][2].

Avoid tobacco smoke and engine idling; ventilate when using fuels/solvents; store fuels safely and fix leaks; wash after handling; at work, use PPE and follow hygiene and ventilation controls [1][2].