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CAS 71-55-6

1,1,1-Trichloroethane

Organic Chemicals, except for PFASCarcinogenVOCPesticides

1,1,1-Trichloroethane (methyl chloroform) is a colorless, sweet-smelling solvent once widely used for metal degreasing, aerosol products, and adhesives. Many uses were phased out to protect the ozone layer, but it can still be found in older products and contaminated air or groundwater, and it can harm your health [1][2].

Where It Comes From

Industrial degreasing, aerosol sprays, adhesives; leaks and hazardous waste sites. It evaporates to air and can seep into groundwater [1][2].

How You Are Exposed

Breathing vapors at work or from products used indoors; drinking or showering with contaminated well water; skin contact during use or cleanup [1].

Why It Matters

Short-term exposure can cause dizziness, headache, nausea, and eye/skin irritation; very high levels may lead to confusion, fainting, or irregular heartbeat. Repeated exposure may affect the liver and nervous system. Not classifiable as to carcinogenicity in humans (IARC and EPA) [1][3][4][5].

Who Is at Risk

Workers in metal cleaning/maintenance or using aerosol adhesives; people near industrial sites or using private wells near spills; children and those who are pregnant may be more sensitive to solvent effects [1][4].

How to Lower Your Exposure

Choose solvent-free products; use only with strong ventilation or outdoors; avoid enclosed spaces; store/dispose properly; test private wells near industry/spill sites; follow workplace ventilation and PPE guidance [1][2][4].

References

  1. [1]ATSDR. ToxFAQs for 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (TCA). Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry.
  2. [2]EPA. Protection of Stratospheric Ozone: Methyl Chloroform (1,1,1-Trichloroethane).
  3. [3]IARC. Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans: 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (Group 3).
  4. [4]CDC/NIOSH. Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: 1,1,1-Trichloroethane.
  5. [5]EPA IRIS. 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (CASRN 71-55-6): Carcinogenicity assessment.

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